Telegraphic system.



J. GELL.

TELEGRAPHIG SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 21, 1910. RENEWED FEB. 21. 1913.

1,074,170. Patented Sept. so, 1913.

3 BHEETSSHEET 1.

76 tjubbcribers SWITCH BOARD TRUNK u/ves.

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v m I I Inventor.-

mm fllm 6 mafia J. GELL.

v TELEGRAPHIO SYSTEM. APPLIOATION EILED mo. 21, 1910. RENEWED FE -21, 1913;

974,170.. Patented p -30,1913.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

SUBSCRIBER-5.

31 Pvamm Flexible Cor-d Perforalor J. GELL. TELEGRAPHIO SYSTEM. APPLICATION FILED D30. 21-, 1910. RENEWED FEB. 21, 1913.

1,074,170. Peteeteet Sept. 30, 1913.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

CD N H NM N l\- 3" a E v g M 3 S. g [EM a wi Trunk Line UNITED STATES PATENT ornrcn.

JOHN GELL, on Lennon; EneLA-Nn.

TELEGRAPHIC .SYS T EM.

. Specification of Letters Patent.

A i ti filed, December 21,-1910, Serial No. 59S 557. Renewed February 21, 1913.; Serial No. 750,041.

.To all whom it may concern [Be it known that I, JoHN GELL, a subject .ofthe .King of Great .Britain, residing at London, England have invented certain. new and useful Improvements :in' Telegraphic Systems, of which the followingis a specification.

. The object of'the present invention is to provide telegraphic exchanges to enable operators signaling set and one set of' translators; Fig. 2 shows adirect connect-ion at the local exchange between one subscriberand the other; Fig. 3 represents the perforated, tape Fig. 4 represents a connection between two subscribers in distant towns. I 0

- In Fig. 1 I show within the heavy lines a switch board having a capacity for nine subscribers. -10 representsa non-polarized indicator, one for each subscriber. pWire from each indicator is carried to corresponding jack switch 11,.the spring 12 'of which normally rests against earth contact'13, as shown in Fig. 2. 14 represents jack switches which are all permanently connected to the exchange operators'signaling set shown at the right of Fig. 1. 15 represents jack switches. connected in pairs to the translating sets, one of which is shown at the left of Fig.1. 16 represents a double currrent hand. signaling Morse telegraph key of the exchange operators signaling set. 17 represents the galvanometer, 18 the relay, 19

the sounder, 20 the local battery, 21 the signaling battery. Referring to the translating set, 22 andz22' represent non-polarized .electro-magnetic switchesarranged to work sluggishly. 23 and 23' represent translating relays. 24 and 24 represent the smaller translating batteries. 25 and 25 represent the larger translating batteries. '26 represents trunk line jack switch connections.

26?. represents trunk line indicators. Each Fig. 2, such as' described in Letters Patent of the United-States 751,164, February 2,

1904, and in an application filed by me Jan. 8,1911, #601,751, a transmitter 28 as '(lGSCI'lbK-Jd ln'United' States Patents 890,042,

June 9, 1908, and 835,751, November 13,

1906, and in an application filed by me J an.

' 20, 1911, #604,487, and a receiver 29 of the same form as that disclosed inapplication for Letters Patent of the United States filed by me Jan. 30, 1911, #605,655, a galvanometer 30, a two-way switch 31, and a line connecting. to its particular jack switch annunci ator inthe'local exchange. Let us assume, in the first place, that a subscriber #3 requires to make connection with another subscriber #1 both of whom are connected .to the same exchange. The procedure would be as follows: Subscriber #3, having perforated the message to be sent, moves his switchto the transmitter connection, thereby sending a current from the battery of subscriber #3 set shown at the right of Fig. 2, and connect-ed to contacts 36 and 37, through the special indicator at the exchange and drawing the attention of the exchange operator to the call. The jockey roller X acting on the beveled end of key lever 33 keeps the said transmitter key 33,

Patented Sept. 30, 1913.

when at rest, in contact with one or the other of the contact points at its ends. The exchange operator would take a cord and connect jack switch 14 to the jack switch 11 of the subscriber. The insertion of the plug into the jack switch will disconnect the subscribers line from earth and connect this line through the cord to the exchange operators set of instruments; The galvanometer in the subscribers oflice would indicate this movement on the part of the ;ex-

change clerk; the subscriber would start the motor of the transmitter, and sendthe re quest to be put through to subscriber #1. The exchange operator would then take the plug from jack switch 14 and place it in subscriber #ls jack switch 11. The connection is shown completed in Fig. 2. Having obtained connection, subscriber #3 now starts the transmitter and sends the perforated tape 32 through it. This tape, represented in Fig. 3, has a series of arbitrary holes .perforated in it, which control the .movements of the transmitting pins in transmitter 28'. The movements of this pair of transmitting pins in turnv control the movement of main transmitting key 33, and auxiliary transmitting key 34 connected to and insulated from, the main key 33 which oscillates on pivot 35. 36 represents a block connected to the copper pole of the subscribers battery. 37 represents a block connected to the zinc pole of the subscribers battery; 38 and 38 contact screws in connection with main key 33; 39 and 39 contact screws in connectlon with auxiliary key lever 34. In Fig. 3 the central line of holes represent feed holes, and which are used in the perforator and the transmitter in connection with star feed wheels to actuate the movement of the tape. The upper row of holes is termed marking holes, the lower holes spacing holes. One of the transmitting pins termed the marking transmitting pin oscillates underneaththe tape and in a line with the marking holes. In a similar manner the spacing transmitting pin is in a line with the spacing holes. The tape is carried over the upper ends of thesetransmitting pins; The transmitting pins are pressed downward by the movementsiof the cam in unison with the forward movement of the tape, and permitted to rise under the influence of springs in such a manner that when a marking transmitting pin rises against the plain tape, there is no movement of the transmitting key, but if a marking transmitting pin, when it rises upward, passes through a hole in the tape, it

causes key 33 to touch contact 38 and send a positive current throu h the subscribers, wire, indicator 10, switc plug cord, corresponding plug, switch and indicator of subscriber #1 through subscriber #ls galvanometer, switch, receiver, to earth. In passing through receiver coils 40 and 40, it causes cores 41 and 41 to become magnetized; these, in turn, actuate polarized armatures 42 and 42 connected with main shaft 43. Shaft 43 is pivoted in such a manner that armatures 42 can oscillate between magnets 41 and 41. Fixed to the same shaft 43 is a bracket arm carrying a subsidiary shaft upon which the marking wheel 44 is fixed. The markin wheel 44 is rotated by the mechanism of t e receiver, and receives a supply of ink from an inking disk. The marking current received from subscriber #3s transmitter causes thetmarking wheel 44 to touch the moving receiving tape 45 and impress upon it anink mark. At the same moment that the positive current has traveled-to the distant subscriber, auxiliary key 34 has closed circuit with contact 39, permitting the negative current of subscriber #3s battery to flow to earth. In like manner, when .a spacing transmitting pin passes through a spacing hole in the perforated tape, key 33 closes circuit with 38, 34 closes circuit with 39, and negatiye.

current is sent to subscriber #1 and thepositive current to earth. This negative current, acting on the tongues of, the armatures in receiver 29, causes the inking disk to be moved away from the receiving tape 45. When the marking and the spacing holes are vertically in a line,-the marking disk 44 "touches the tape 45 momentarily, because the positive and negative currents succeed each other rapidly, but when the holes on the perforated tape are diagonal, an interval of time elapses between the marking disk 44, touching the receiver slip 45 before it is removed, therefrom and a dash is the result. has completedthe transmission of the message, he moves his switch to the receiver contact, subscriber #1 sends the acknowledging signal, and switches back to his receiver contact and the apparatus assumes normal position.

In the event of the connection being required between two,distant towns, it is essential that there be means of-reinforcing,

from a distance, the subscribers instrument will be similarly afiected, and the adjustment maintained normally.

In Fig. 4 I have represented a diagram of the exchange in Washington and New York, and the connections made on Fig. 1 bringing in the translating set of reinforced batteries. asks for the New Yorksubscriber, the Washington switch board attendant gets through "to the New York subscriber through the New York exchange, but instead of using a plain cord with a lug at each end as fora local connection just described, he takes a cord and connects switch 15', Fig. 1, to the jack switch 11 of the Washington subscriber,

When subscriber I #3 When the Washington subscriber and takes a 'cord from 15 and connects-the.

other end to the New York trunk line jack switch 26. When the subscriber in Washington is through to the subscriber in New York, the same procedure takes place as though he were connected locally, as previously described, but in this case the, current from the Washington subscriber, after entering the Washington exchange, passes from the cord connecting his jack switch to the translating set in the following manner: It

through translating relay 23' to earth. In Y ilk passing through translating relay 23 it causes tongue piece 48 to close circult w1th contact 49. This causes the positive. current from main battery 25 to traverse through in the manner as previously described, butfrom the small battery 24, 24 of the translating set, and the translating sets are so arranged that batteries 24 and 24 are of the same electro-mot'ive force as the battery in each of the subscribers stations, and battery 25 and 25 are of sufiicient strength to carry the communication to all oflices within a large zone. By the use therefore of the battery 24, 247 at the exchanges and which are relayed into use when distant subscribers are connected, the instruments in the subscribers stations will be worked by a current of the same strength for long distance service as for local service. \Ve have hitherto dealt with communications in a zonal district of approximately 'one thousand miles square, but there is a further development as in the case of a communication from Washington to San Francisco. In this case, the communication would be translated at Chicago and Denver. Both Chicago and Denver would require translating sets similar to those described, but with large batteries on both sides instead of a large and small battery, as shown in Fig. 4.

On.-the switchboard the indicators 10 are not shown in conventional form, but are represented as in the form of a disk showing through six segmental openings. The disk is so painted that under the influence of a spring or weight the black segments come opposite the openings, but when a current.

flows through it the white segments disclose themselves, and indicate the same to the exchange operator.

In connection with the receiver there is'a bell actuated by the incoming current, and means by which the incoming current may be used to start the receiving instrument.

Referring to the exchange operators signaling set: in Fig. 1 at 16 is represented di-- agrammatically a double current Morse key with a switch which enables the operator to place the key either in a position for; receiving orsending. Normally the key is in the receiving position, which enables incoming signals to pass through the key and then through the receiving" apparatus to earth. When the exchange clerk has received a call,

he turns the key-switch to the sending posi-' tion. This at once sends a current to line of one polarity and the other current of the battery to earth. When the Morse key is depressed, the reverse takes place, and the cur rent of opposite sign is sent to line, so that when the key-lever is actuated reversals are sent through to the subscriber which actuate the armature of his receiving instrument, andgive the required signals. The connections are so arranged that when the key is at rest and the key-switch in the sending position, the outgoing current so actuates the receiving instrument that the marking wheel is kept from the receiving tape.

I claim l. A telegraphic system comprising exchanges, trunk line connections between said exchanges, local subscribers connections at each exchange, transmitting and receiving instruments at each subscribers station, translating sets at each exchange, each set including a large and small battery and a relay for connecting the large battery with the trunk line at thesending station, and a relay for connecting the small battery with the local line at the receiving station, and batteries at the subscribers station corresponding substantially in current intensity to the small batteries.

2. A telegraphic system comprising exchanges, trunk line connections between said exchanges, local subscribers connections at each exchange, transmitting and receiving instruments at each subscribers station, translating sets at each exchange, each set including a large and small battery, and a relay for connecting the large battery with the trunk line at the sending station, and a relay for connecting the small battery with the local line at the receiving station, electro-magnetic switches controlling the relays of the large and small batteries of the translating sets, said switches having sluggish magnets to maintain contact and be unaffected by the more rapid alternations of current from the relays, substantially as de scribed. v

In testimony whereof, I allix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JOHN GELL.

Witnesses:

EDWARD N. SAITA, EDWIN S. CnAnKsoN. 

